Современные методы очищения крови - лечебная гемоэксфузия,  лечебный плазмаферез

Современные методы очищения крови - лечебная гемоэксфузия, лечебный плазмаферез

Гемоэксфузия (кровопускание) – лечебная процедура, суть которой заключается в извлечении из организма определенного количества крови с помощью прокола вены.

Несмотря на то, что данный метод имеет 2-тысячелетнюю историю, он и сегодня является наиболее эффективным средством лечения состояний, сопровождающихся избыточным накоплением железа в организме.

Синдром перегрузки железом может быть обусловлен генетическими особенностями человека, а также некоторыми заболеваниями и состояниями, приводящими к отложению железа в органах и тканях (заболевания крови, вирусные гепатиты, злоупотребление алкоголем, избыточное поступление железа с пищей и/или водой и т.д.).

Патологическое накопление железа в организме может составлять десятки грамм, значительно превышая нормальные уровни (3,5г – для мужчин и 2,5г – для женщин), и вызывать повреждения печени, поджелудочной железы, сердца, щитовидной железы, суставов и других органов.

Курс гемоэксфузий позволяет в большинстве случаев просто и эффективно нормализовать показатели обмена железа, предотвратить развитие тяжелых состояний.

Процедура не требует специальной подготовки. Каждое кровопускание объемом 450 мл позволяет удалить из организма около 250 мг железа. Необходимое для каждого больного количество процедур и частоту их проведения определяет лечащий врач с учетом диагноза, возраста пациента, индивидуальной переносимости и лабораторных данных.

При лечебном плазмаферезе в месте с плазмой удаляются вредные вещества, которые вызвали заболевание или могут вызвать заболевание или отягощают течение болезни.

Например, холестерин крови, патологические иммуноглобулины, циркулирующие иммунные комплексы, мочевая кислота, отравляющие вещества, конечные продукты обмена белков (креатинин, мочевина)  и другие вредные вещества.

То есть, основой лечебного эффекта плазмафереза является механическое удаление вредных веществ из крови вместе с плазмой. Результатом чего так же является улучшение реологических свойств крови, то есть ее текучести, на фоне чего улучшается функция всех органов и систем.

Кроме механического удаления токсинов из крови, как результат удаления плазмы крови, является ответная реакция организма на это удаление, в виде мобилизации всех защитных механизмов организма.

Плазмаферез, как метод монотерапии, не всегда бывает эффективен, а если эффект лечения и наступает, то нередко бывает кратковременным. Поэтому лечение заболевания должно быть комплексным. То есть, проведение плазмафереза должно сочетаться с лечебными мероприятиями, направленными на уменьшение поступления токсина или на уменьшение образования токсина в самом организме.

Сколько процедур плазмафереза необходимо провести для лечения?

В зависимости от заболевания, проводят от 2-3 процедур плазмафереза и до 10-12.

Количество процедур гемоэксфузии и плазмафереза определяет врач-трансфузиолог.

В г. Астана на базе Научно производственного центра трансфузиологии успешно применяются эти методы лечения на протяжении нескольких лет. Пациентов консультируют опытные врачи, при проведении процедур используется самое современное оборудование. Дополнительно проводится лабораторное тестирование крови пациента.

 Применение лечебного плазмафереза и гемоэксфузии позволяет проводить  профилактику  и лечение широкого круга заболеваний, что, в конечном счете, определяет важную роль в проблеме улучшения качества жизни человека.

 

Врач отделения заготовки крови, Скорикова С.В.

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